托福机经预测
2015年10月10日托福真题回顾
阅读
第一篇
石器时代的人就是能够自给自足而且比现在的人工作更少的时间他们后来花更多的时间在housekeeping上，男人比女人花的少，因为他们有个夺得goods。最后一段讲了个什么悖论，应该是说这overstatement了吧。
第二篇
讲的是洋流，有问到海面上的和深海里的水的不同，还有带来海底丰富的营养来给植物，植物又被浮游生物吃，浮游生物又被他们的consumer有问theirconsumer是什么，单词题有个accumulate
第三篇
地球的大气，大概是说地球因为一些流星的关系所以比太阳上了氮什么的，地球的一个什么作用只提供了少量的氧，而是光合作用提供了大最的氧。后来讲臭氧，对地球有保护作用，还有生物体需要氧。
另一个版本参考：
第一篇：石器时代的人们，游牧生活，供大于求 ,工作时间比现在的人少,比较幸福。
第二篇：讲ocean current,在coast附近,deep water被吹上来，带来nutrient被吹上来，地理学过的。
第三篇：讲地球上的氧元素的行成，进而产生新生命这个过程。
听力
C1
animal sleeping讨论说到最近看到的一篇文章。学生提出了一个问题，现在的研究都喜欢在实验室对动物进行观察做这样不是很没有说服力吗。教授说这是因为在野外观察要求很高。学生觉得很遗憾：sleeping这么日常，但是对他的 研究却很少。professor^:我们其实已经研究到了睡觉时的 brain activity还有另外一个特征。我们不知道的是 为什么需要睡觉。
L1
ocean mixing跟阅读ocean currents相似主要讲deeper water上翻，带来nutrients什么的eg: jelly fish.
L2
跨洋电缆business跨洋电缆的出现改变了 US和Europe之间的商 业关系先讲了跨洋电缆的人funding background, — 开始好像是private资助、后来有政府资金介 入(有题)几个影响1.stock market能够及时沟通，相互反应之类 real time.2.运送货物的路线规划信息沟通呢一次运送 多次停靠eg:现代物流公司一次送多个包裹3.其他洲的贸易expand但是没有US和欧洲 的发展好（有语气，暗示是没有跨洋电缆）
C2
student和building supervisor的对话 学生要去当校园游览项目的向导 要supervisor给她写推荐信还有介绍当向导有哪些流程啥的有题是考其中一栋building的features是什么（双选细节没记很清楚）。
L3
art history首先说了不同的画家给同一个人画肖像画会不同。以华盛顿为例？
学生问为啥是他。因为他领导了某战争且是美国第 一任总统。教授说ironically.华盛顿刚开始的时候其实有些失 败。（有题〜）然后举了两个艺术家画他的肖像画来说明main idea.
1.画家H (在华盛顿时期）画华盛顿画的很真实， 没有配剑且有点像farmer.体现了这个画家的民主思想。民众认可度高。2.画家(华盛顿去世后）神化华盛顿，提到了可能受当时某种风格的影响。(有题）。可是人们对这个有争议。因为人们希望有平等，不喜欢神化的领导人。也不喜欢这个作品 体现的华盛顿有点凌驾于法律之上的感觉。最后有一个学生提到的一个点（我猜是无神论，那个单词没听懂） 。因为以上原因这个作品被一直移..最后进了地下 室。
L4
动物对环境的适应 (之前不知道有没有说，我有点分不清实在口语还是听力听到的了..）predator和prey是一起互相适 应对方的改变的。举了rabbit和fox。rabbit就提 速，跑得快的就被吃掉。后来说到另外一些适应：coloration,跟往常用 coloration来与blending into the surroundings不同，这个是为了吸弓猎物的注意力，这个叫做 secondary防御般有sec的动物首先都要有一 个first如蛇有毒。这个sec—般出现在昆虫和other reptile.这里具体说了蝴蝶和鸟的例子。第一防御：他们很难吃，bird舔一下他们就恶心的不想吃了。基本蝴蝶就被完好地放走了。第二防御：发光吸引bird告诉它我在这，但是我已经很难吃了，最好别来吃我。
口语
Task1
How do you usuallyreward yourself after hard work?
思路：可根据个人喜好回答，如：my favorite way to reward myself is cool myself a big dinner…同时需要给出理由支持观点，如一顿美餐可以让我心情更好，并且我很享受制作食物的过程等等。
Sample answer
Thereare several things I typically do to reward myself after hard work and going toa spa with friends is definitely my favorite one. There are two reasons forthat. First of all, a spa is an ideal place for me to escape from reality. Iget to wear a really comfortable robe, the music in the spa is usually relaxingand soothing, the masseuse usually lights up some beautiful scented candles forme and then I get a massage that makes all my hard work worth it. Plus, a spais like a social gathering place for my friends and I, last time my colleaguesand I finished a project we all went to this spa to hang out, we got manicureand pedicure and everyone had a great time chatting, and everyone completedforgot about all the stress we’d been having for weeks.
Task2
Somepeople prefer recording life by taking pictures or keeping diaries, othersprefer doing nothing. Which one do you prefer?
Sample answer
I personally prefer recording life by taking pictures or keeping diaries. Firstof all, we get to have a more vivid memory about everything in our life. Forinstance, I carry my phone around with me all the time and I take a picturewhenever I feel that the moment is worth being remembered. Moments like when Ifound the best cheesecake in town, or when I ran into an old friend who Ihadn’t seen for many years, or when my whole family got together on Chinese newyear’s eve. All the good old memories just come rushing back to me whenever Igo through the album in my phone. Plus, recording life through taking picturesmakes my life a lot easier. For instance, I take a picture of my fridge beforeI go grocery shopping every weekend, this way I get to make sure I wouldn’t buyanything I already have and I wouldn’t miss anything I really need. It’s sort oflike making a shopping list, only more convenient and so much faster.
Task3
考生回忆：男的打篮球腿摔了，想去clinic但是没时间排队因为有个重要的review他不想miss所以想明早去，女的让他现在去怕伤变严重
Sample answer
Thestudent suggests that university should allow beverages in library due to tworeasons. The first reason is because students, especially those who enjoy coffeeand study better. And the second reason is that no damage of books would becaused if students were careful. In the conversation, the woman disagrees withthe suggestion. In the first reason, she mentions there’s a cafe right next tothe library and it’s only 10 minutes’ walk, students can go there to drinkcoffee, it’s more convenient and students can take a break. As for the secondreason, she points out that no matter how careful the students are, there willalways be some inevitable accidents, and the university has to spend a lot ofmoney replacing the books. That’s why in this case, the woman thinks thestudent’s suggestion is a bad idea.
Task4
考生回忆：有人写信给学校建议以后允许把喝的带去图书馆，女的不同意说旁边就有咖啡厅，走路十分钟就到了，那里什么喝的都有，还可以当休息时间。还有就是都带喝的去图书馆了那学校要清理污渍，replace书本和furniture。
模板：Inthe reading material, there is a proposal that…
Moreover, the womandoesn’t agree with such a proposal for two reasons. One is that … , and the other is that …
Sample answer
In the lecture, the professor talks about the concept of audience profile which isa way companies increase their sales by analyzing the customers’ characteristics, attitude and buying behavior. He offers us anexample to illustrate it. A milk company for example investigated the marketand learnt that most of its customers are mothers who buy milk for theirchildren, so they learnt that the moms care more about what the milk can bringto their children’s health rather than simply how the milk tastes So in theircommercial, they show a doctor explaining the nutrients in the milk and howthese nutrients can help children grow. And as a result, the milk companysignificantly increased their sales.
Task5
考生回忆：
【一个问题】女生跟父母住的地方离学校远，本来每天开车上学要开一个半小时，这学期高速公路要修路，被封了，要detour一条更远的小路，又多花半小时，浪费很多学习时间。
【解决方案】男生给两个方案：(1)change transportation，比如搭taking train。女生说搭火车也不省时间，因为火车总停，还是得一个多钟头。但她不用开车了，可以在火车上看书;(2)near the campus to live with her friend，5分钟到学校，但是要交房租，而她现在是和父母住在一起不用交房租free。
模板：Theproblem faced by the milk company is that…. There aretwo options. One is to …; while the other is that…. As for me, I prefer the first one/second onecoz…
Sample answer
The man has a problem that he injured his leg and needs to go to the clinic, butmeanwhile he’s got a review session. There are twopossible solutions. The first one is to go to the health center first. And thesecond one is to go to the review session. If I were in his shoes, I’d go forthe first solution because this way he can get the treatment in time and hisinjury wouldn’t get worse. After all, nothing is more important than health.Plus, even though he might be late for the review session today, he can stillmake it tomorrow which means he can still get the extra help he needs with hisstudy. He wouldn’t miss anything important. That’s why in this case, I thinkthe first solution is a smarter option.
Task6
考生回忆：
【讲座主题】非洲大草原Savannah的动物在dry season存活下来
【2种方式】(1)physical character。举例：这个干旱的地方一年也下不了几次雨，这里有种大树，可以把water吸着储存store 满起来。Elephant就弄坏这大树，然后吃掉;(2)behavioral characteristic。举例：wildebeest 每到旱季，就迁徙到migrate to the south where have more雨water和草原，过了旱季再回来。
模版：Thelecture is about two ways fixed bottom sea dwellers to feed themselves. theprofessor talks about positive ways. One is …; and heoffers an example in detail. The example goes like….Theother one is …. And the example is…
Sample answer
In the lecture, the professor talks about how dwellers who live at the bottom ofthe ocean can obtain food. He offers us two examples to illustrate it. In thefirst example, the professor talks about plant-like animals, this kind ofanimals cannot move around but they’ve got these poisonous arm-like protrusionsthat can sting other fish and paralyze them which makes it easier for theplant-like animals to eat them. As for the second example, the professor talksabout the oysters, oysters cannot move around either and they don’t have anactive method to obtain food, so what they do is just wait there and eatwhatever the water flow brings near them. This way they can survive in the deepocean.
写作
综合写作：Angkor人口减少的原因
阅读：
1. 侵略的原因；
2. 宗教变化的原因；
3. 干旱的原因。
听力反驳
1. 历史上没有记录Angkor社会遭到侵略；
2. Angkor社会的宗教一直在改变，并没有引起社会人口的减少；
3. 之前也发生过严重的干旱，但并没有引起人口的减少。
独立写作：
Which is better for children's education: 9-month study and 3-month break or 3-month study and 1-month break?
是否新题：否
重复情况：2014年7月26日NA
题材：教育类
独立写作思路：
1. 选择第一种
（1）连续学习9个月，休息3个月可以保持学习的连续性，巩固记忆效果；
（2）连续学习9个月，休息3个月，可以有更多的时间安排自己的个人事务。
2. 选择第二种
（1）9个月连续学习时间太长，容易造成疲劳；间歇性休息有助于提高学习效率；
（2）一个月的休息时间不会让学生很快忘记刚刚学过的内容，开学时会很快地回忆起来。
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第一篇
石器时代的人就是能够自给自足而且比现在的人工作更少的时间他们后来花更多的时间在housekeeping上，男人比女人花的少，因为他们有个夺得goods。最后一段讲了个什么悖论，应该是说这overstatement了吧。
第二篇
讲的是洋流，有问到海面上的和深海里的水的不同，还有带来海底丰富的营养来给植物，植物又被浮游生物吃，浮游生物又被他们的consumer有问theirconsumer是什么，单词题有个accumulate
第三篇
地球的大气，大概是说地球因为一些流星的关系所以比太阳上了氮什么的，地球的一个什么作用只提供了少量的氧，而是光合作用提供了大最的氧。后来讲臭氧，对地球有保护作用，还有生物体需要氧。
另一个版本参考：
第一篇：石器时代的人们，游牧生活，供大于求 ,工作时间比现在的人少,比较幸福。
第二篇：讲ocean current,在coast附近,deep water被吹上来，带来nutrient被吹上来，地理学过的。
第三篇：讲地球上的氧元素的行成，进而产生新生命这个过程。
听力
C1
animal sleeping讨论说到最近看到的一篇文章。学生提出了一个问题，现在的研究都喜欢在实验室对动物进行观察做这样不是很没有说服力吗。教授说这是因为在野外观察要求很高。学生觉得很遗憾：sleeping这么日常，但是对他的 研究却很少。professor^:我们其实已经研究到了睡觉时的 brain activity还有另外一个特征。我们不知道的是 为什么需要睡觉。
L1
ocean mixing跟阅读ocean currents相似主要讲deeper water上翻，带来nutrients什么的eg: jelly fish.
L2
跨洋电缆business跨洋电缆的出现改变了 US和Europe之间的商 业关系先讲了跨洋电缆的人funding background, — 开始好像是private资助、后来有政府资金介 入(有题)几个影响1.stock market能够及时沟通，相互反应之类 real time.2.运送货物的路线规划信息沟通呢一次运送 多次停靠eg:现代物流公司一次送多个包裹3.其他洲的贸易expand但是没有US和欧洲 的发展好（有语气，暗示是没有跨洋电缆）
C2
student和building supervisor的对话 学生要去当校园游览项目的向导 要supervisor给她写推荐信还有介绍当向导有哪些流程啥的有题是考其中一栋building的features是什么（双选细节没记很清楚）。
L3
art history首先说了不同的画家给同一个人画肖像画会不同。以华盛顿为例？
学生问为啥是他。因为他领导了某战争且是美国第 一任总统。教授说ironically.华盛顿刚开始的时候其实有些失 败。（有题〜）然后举了两个艺术家画他的肖像画来说明main idea.
1.画家H (在华盛顿时期）画华盛顿画的很真实， 没有配剑且有点像farmer.体现了这个画家的民主思想。民众认可度高。2.画家(华盛顿去世后）神化华盛顿，提到了可能受当时某种风格的影响。(有题）。可是人们对这个有争议。因为人们希望有平等，不喜欢神化的领导人。也不喜欢这个作品 体现的华盛顿有点凌驾于法律之上的感觉。最后有一个学生提到的一个点（我猜是无神论，那个单词没听懂） 。因为以上原因这个作品被一直移..最后进了地下 室。
L4
动物对环境的适应 (之前不知道有没有说，我有点分不清实在口语还是听力听到的了..）predator和prey是一起互相适 应对方的改变的。举了rabbit和fox。rabbit就提 速，跑得快的就被吃掉。后来说到另外一些适应：coloration,跟往常用 coloration来与blending into the surroundings不同，这个是为了吸弓猎物的注意力，这个叫做 secondary防御般有sec的动物首先都要有一 个first如蛇有毒。这个sec—般出现在昆虫和other reptile.这里具体说了蝴蝶和鸟的例子。第一防御：他们很难吃，bird舔一下他们就恶心的不想吃了。基本蝴蝶就被完好地放走了。第二防御：发光吸引bird告诉它我在这，但是我已经很难吃了，最好别来吃我。
口语
Task1
How do you usuallyreward yourself after hard work?
思路：可根据个人喜好回答，如：my favorite way to reward myself is cool myself a big dinner…同时需要给出理由支持观点，如一顿美餐可以让我心情更好，并且我很享受制作食物的过程等等。
Sample answer
Thereare several things I typically do to reward myself after hard work and going toa spa with friends is definitely my favorite one. There are two reasons forthat. First of all, a spa is an ideal place for me to escape from reality. Iget to wear a really comfortable robe, the music in the spa is usually relaxingand soothing, the masseuse usually lights up some beautiful scented candles forme and then I get a massage that makes all my hard work worth it. Plus, a spais like a social gathering place for my friends and I, last time my colleaguesand I finished a project we all went to this spa to hang out, we got manicureand pedicure and everyone had a great time chatting, and everyone completedforgot about all the stress we’d been having for weeks.
Task2
Somepeople prefer recording life by taking pictures or keeping diaries, othersprefer doing nothing. Which one do you prefer?
Sample answer
I personally prefer recording life by taking pictures or keeping diaries. Firstof all, we get to have a more vivid memory about everything in our life. Forinstance, I carry my phone around with me all the time and I take a picturewhenever I feel that the moment is worth being remembered. Moments like when Ifound the best cheesecake in town, or when I ran into an old friend who Ihadn’t seen for many years, or when my whole family got together on Chinese newyear’s eve. All the good old memories just come rushing back to me whenever Igo through the album in my phone. Plus, recording life through taking picturesmakes my life a lot easier. For instance, I take a picture of my fridge beforeI go grocery shopping every weekend, this way I get to make sure I wouldn’t buyanything I already have and I wouldn’t miss anything I really need. It’s sort oflike making a shopping list, only more convenient and so much faster.
Task3
考生回忆：男的打篮球腿摔了，想去clinic但是没时间排队因为有个重要的review他不想miss所以想明早去，女的让他现在去怕伤变严重
Sample answer
Thestudent suggests that university should allow beverages in library due to tworeasons. The first reason is because students, especially those who enjoy coffeeand study better. And the second reason is that no damage of books would becaused if students were careful. In the conversation, the woman disagrees withthe suggestion. In the first reason, she mentions there’s a cafe right next tothe library and it’s only 10 minutes’ walk, students can go there to drinkcoffee, it’s more convenient and students can take a break. As for the secondreason, she points out that no matter how careful the students are, there willalways be some inevitable accidents, and the university has to spend a lot ofmoney replacing the books. That’s why in this case, the woman thinks thestudent’s suggestion is a bad idea.
Task4
考生回忆：有人写信给学校建议以后允许把喝的带去图书馆，女的不同意说旁边就有咖啡厅，走路十分钟就到了，那里什么喝的都有，还可以当休息时间。还有就是都带喝的去图书馆了那学校要清理污渍，replace书本和furniture。
模板：Inthe reading material, there is a proposal that…
Moreover, the womandoesn’t agree with such a proposal for two reasons. One is that … , and the other is that …
Sample answer
In the lecture, the professor talks about the concept of audience profile which isa way companies increase their sales by analyzing the customers’ characteristics, attitude and buying behavior. He offers us anexample to illustrate it. A milk company for example investigated the marketand learnt that most of its customers are mothers who buy milk for theirchildren, so they learnt that the moms care more about what the milk can bringto their children’s health rather than simply how the milk tastes So in theircommercial, they show a doctor explaining the nutrients in the milk and howthese nutrients can help children grow. And as a result, the milk companysignificantly increased their sales.
Task5
考生回忆：
【一个问题】女生跟父母住的地方离学校远，本来每天开车上学要开一个半小时，这学期高速公路要修路，被封了，要detour一条更远的小路，又多花半小时，浪费很多学习时间。
【解决方案】男生给两个方案：(1)change transportation，比如搭taking train。女生说搭火车也不省时间，因为火车总停，还是得一个多钟头。但她不用开车了，可以在火车上看书;(2)near the campus to live with her friend，5分钟到学校，但是要交房租，而她现在是和父母住在一起不用交房租free。
模板：Theproblem faced by the milk company is that…. There aretwo options. One is to …; while the other is that…. As for me, I prefer the first one/second onecoz…
Sample answer
The man has a problem that he injured his leg and needs to go to the clinic, butmeanwhile he’s got a review session. There are twopossible solutions. The first one is to go to the health center first. And thesecond one is to go to the review session. If I were in his shoes, I’d go forthe first solution because this way he can get the treatment in time and hisinjury wouldn’t get worse. After all, nothing is more important than health.Plus, even though he might be late for the review session today, he can stillmake it tomorrow which means he can still get the extra help he needs with hisstudy. He wouldn’t miss anything important. That’s why in this case, I thinkthe first solution is a smarter option.
Task6
考生回忆：
【讲座主题】非洲大草原Savannah的动物在dry season存活下来
【2种方式】(1)physical character。举例：这个干旱的地方一年也下不了几次雨，这里有种大树，可以把water吸着储存store 满起来。Elephant就弄坏这大树，然后吃掉;(2)behavioral characteristic。举例：wildebeest 每到旱季，就迁徙到migrate to the south where have more雨water和草原，过了旱季再回来。
模版：Thelecture is about two ways fixed bottom sea dwellers to feed themselves. theprofessor talks about positive ways. One is …; and heoffers an example in detail. The example goes like….Theother one is …. And the example is…
Sample answer
In the lecture, the professor talks about how dwellers who live at the bottom ofthe ocean can obtain food. He offers us two examples to illustrate it. In thefirst example, the professor talks about plant-like animals, this kind ofanimals cannot move around but they’ve got these poisonous arm-like protrusionsthat can sting other fish and paralyze them which makes it easier for theplant-like animals to eat them. As for the second example, the professor talksabout the oysters, oysters cannot move around either and they don’t have anactive method to obtain food, so what they do is just wait there and eatwhatever the water flow brings near them. This way they can survive in the deepocean.
写作
综合写作：Angkor人口减少的原因
阅读：
1. 侵略的原因；
2. 宗教变化的原因；
3. 干旱的原因。
听力反驳
1. 历史上没有记录Angkor社会遭到侵略；
2. Angkor社会的宗教一直在改变，并没有引起社会人口的减少；
3. 之前也发生过严重的干旱，但并没有引起人口的减少。
独立写作：
Which is better for children's education: 9-month study and 3-month break or 3-month study and 1-month break?
是否新题：否
重复情况：2014年7月26日NA
题材：教育类
独立写作思路：
1. 选择第一种
（1）连续学习9个月，休息3个月可以保持学习的连续性，巩固记忆效果；
（2）连续学习9个月，休息3个月，可以有更多的时间安排自己的个人事务。
2. 选择第二种
（1）9个月连续学习时间太长，容易造成疲劳；间歇性休息有助于提高学习效率；
（2）一个月的休息时间不会让学生很快忘记刚刚学过的内容，开学时会很快地回忆起来。
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